比利时专利BE1019682A5 USE OF A COMPOSITION FOR INCREASING YIELD OF CROPS.

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专利摘要:
This invention relates to the use of a composition containing S-abscisic acid or a salt thereof and another growth-inhibiting substance during a period of vegetative growth to increase the yield of agricultural and horticultural crops, both annual and perennial and both monocotyle and dicotyle crops, and wherein the S-abscisic acid or its salt is dosed in an amount that corresponds to a maximum of 40 g / hectare.
公开号:BE1019682A5
申请号:E2011/0567
申请日:2011-09-23
公开日:2012-09-04
发明作者:Koen Quaghebeur
申请人:Globachem；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Use of a composition for increasing the yield of crops.
The invention relates to increasing the yield of agricultural and horticultural crops using a composition containing S-abscisic acid or a salt thereof, in combination with another growth-inhibiting active substance.
S-abscisic acid is a plant hormone that occurs freely in nature and is involved in regulating physiological processes in plants. Each plant cell can itself synthesize abscisic acid. The substance ensures a higher stress tolerance in plants by transmitting signals to the various plant organs in cases of, for example, moisture or food shortages, and thus initiating or suppressing certain processes. For example, it regulates the opening of the stomata of the plant and it is important when sowing seeds and buds.
Abscisic acid is mainly known as a stress hormone. It suppresses the action of other plant hormones and is also a natural growth inhibitor. Abscisic acid has a signal function to activate anti-stress mechanisms in the right plant organ. These mechanisms are at the expense of other processes such as growth or production. By inhibiting growth under stress conditions, the plants retain more energy to withstand the stress conditions. Together with the growth-promoting plant hormones, such as auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins, abscisic acid regulates aging processes, leaf fall, flower formation, fruit ripening, germ and bud rest and evaporation.
For example, JP 5139912 A describes the combination of S-abscisic acid with gibberellins, for the growth stimulation of plants.
In addition to various uses as a growth inhibitor, S-abscisic acid is also used in US 2008/0318787 A1 for stimulating fruit set and the production of fruit from the fruit principle without prior fertilization, and thus fruit without seeds, also called parthenocarpous fruit.
Fruiting is generally understood as the percentage of blossoms that develop into a fruit. Generally speaking, the fruit set in fruit crops is 10 to 30%, depending on the year, the variety, the density of the blossoms and the weather conditions. US 2008/0318787 A1 describes how fruiting can be increased in various agricultural crops, such as fruit trees, by applying abscisic acid. Furthermore, the growth-inhibiting effect is also described, more specifically the growth-inhibiting effect on the vegetative growth of the plant. However, this growth inhibition is strongly limited in time.
Vegetative growth usually translates into a strong growth of the shoot of the plant, and is therefore characterized by a growth of the plant in the longitudinal direction. This is particularly noticeable with fruit trees. Vegetative growth is also primarily focused on the growth of the green part of plants. In US 2008/0318787 A1 it is further described how the quality of the fruits themselves, for example the color, also improves by inhibiting the vegetative growth, because the sunlight that can fall on the fruits and seeds is less hindered by the leaves and the other green parts of the plant.
S-abscisic acid is mainly described in US 2008/0318787 A1 as an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic growth inhibitors, which have similar effects but show a much less favorable profile from a toxicological point of view.
The disadvantage of the use of abscisic acid according to US 2008/0318787 A1 is that the increase in fruit set and the increased yield of agricultural crops, however, remain fairly limited.
WO 2008/094589 describes that at the dosages described therein, S-abscisic acid also has a thinning or thinning effect on the fruit when applied just before or during the flowering of stone fruit.
Furthermore, several publications describe how S-abscisic acid, possibly in combination with other active substances, can be used to increase the resistance of plants that are under stress, which emphasizes the use of S-abscisic acid as a stress hormone. The following publications describe the treatment of plants in stress conditions with S-abscisic acid, possibly in combination with another active substance.
For example, CN 1358432 describes the use of a composition containing tetrandrine, abscisic acid and uniconazole, on soybeans during periods of frost, thereby limiting frost damage.
WO 2007/008580 A1 also describes the use of S-abscisic acid together with diniconazole on a non-fertile test plant, or on typical grass for golf courses, under stress conditions due to drought or cold.
WO 2008/094567 'describes the use of S-abscisic acid (ABA) with gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitors to inhibit the growth of peat grass so that less water needs to be sprayed and / or mowed. In Example 9, this composition is applied to young tomato plants. Already 15 days after the treatment, the plants were harvested and their number of leaves counted. No yield of the plants was measured.
WO 2010/015337 A2 also describes the use of a composition of S-abscisic acid and a gibberellin inhibitor to improve abiotic stress resistance, and this at doses of at least 100 g / ha.
These documents are therefore concerned with S-ABA as a stress hormone, and test its effects under stress conditions, i.e. if the plant needs its energy to combat the stress and cannot use it for energetically demanding vegetative growth. The plant will reduce its vegetative growth during stress conditions.
There is therefore a need for a means for further increasing the yield of agricultural crops with a higher efficiency than the current existing methods and methods.
It is the object of the present invention to provide a means for increasing the yield of agricultural crops that is more efficient than current existing methods and methods.
This object is achieved by the use of a composition containing S-abscisic acid or a salt thereof, and another growth-inhibiting substance, different from S-abscisic acid, and this during a period of vegetative growth, to increase the yield of countries of horticultural crops, wherein the S-abscisic acid or its salt is dosed in an amount corresponding to at most 40 g / hectare, the other growth-inhibiting active substance being selected from the group of gibberellin synthesis Inhibitors, single L-amino acids, or combinations thereof, wherein the gibberellin synthesis inhibitor is selected from the group of trinexapac-ethyl, paclobutrazol, chloromequat-CI, mepiquat-CI, 2-isopropyl-4-dimethylamino-5-methylphenyl-1-piperidinecarboxylate methyl chloride (also known as "AMO- 1618 '), tetcyclacis, ancymidol, flurprimidol, prohexadione-Ca, daminozide, 16,17-dihydrogas, chlorprofam and combinations of two or more of them.
The inventor has surprisingly determined that by combining S-abscisic acid (ABA) with another growth-inhibiting substance, and by applying this composition during a period of vegetative growth and thus during a period when the plant is not under stress, the yield agricultural and horticultural crops is considerably encouraged. It is even more surprising that the S-abscisic acid is best dosed below the imposed limit. It is extremely surprising that a combination of two different growth inhibitors, applied in the right period of vegetative growth and with ABA in a low dosage, leads to an increased yield of agricultural and horticultural crops.
The inventors have found that the composition according to the present invention must be used for this during a period of vegetative growth. The vegetative growth of plants is usually strongly suppressed during periods when the plant is under stress. A plant under stress is therefore by definition not a plant in a period of vegetative growth. It is therefore the surprising finding of the inventors that in combination with another plant growth inhibiting substance, the yield under vegetative growth conditions can indeed be increased with S-abscisic acid, and this in a low dosage.
Because the vegetative growth of a plant can sometimes be very strong, a large part of the energy and nutrients of this plant is directed to processes that are associated with this type of growth. Vegetative growth can therefore be beneficial for the grower, but with fully grown plants it is often experienced as unfavorable. After all, this often has the consequence that the generative growth, this is the growth of the generative parts of the plant such as fruits, seeds and the like, is disadvantaged. This in turn causes a lower yield of agricultural crops, which is disadvantageous for the grower. As already mentioned above, thanks to its growth-inhibiting effect, abscisic acid can inhibit vegetative growth. The inventor has determined that this stimulates generative growth. The balance between these two types of plant growth is therefore shifted, resulting in an increased fruit set and yield.
Moreover, the inventor has established that there is clearly a synergistic effect between S-abscisic acid and other growth-inhibiting substances.
The inventor has also established that S-abscisic acid also has a fruiting effect.
The addition of the other growth-inhibiting substance, and the administration during a period of predominantly or high vegetative growth, further inhibits vegetative growth than when using abscisic acid alone, thereby further enhancing generative growth. As a result, an even higher fruit set is obtained, which, to the surprise of the inventors, leads to a greater number of fruits or seeds, with the result of a greatly increased yield of the agricultural and / or horticultural crops. Furthermore, the size of the fruits or the seeds themselves will also be larger, whereby the total yield will be further increased.
Furthermore, the growth of the green part of the plant during this period of strong vegetative growth will also be slowed down more than if S-abscisic acid is used alone, as a result of which there will be fewer and smaller leaves and other green parts on the plants. This will make the fruits much more accessible for sunlight and aeration, which of course will also benefit the quality and color of the fruits and seeds. The improvements in color and quality that are due to this can possibly also be obtained mechanically, for example by pruning the green part of the plants more or faster. However, this is very labor intensive, and the use of the composition according to the present invention therefore also offers a considerable time saving in this respect.
In the description of the invention, S-abscisic acid will generally be referred to as the active substance. Other isomers of abscisic acid can optionally also be used, and the S-abscisic acid can therefore be replaced in the composition according to the present invention. However, S-abscisic acid is the preferred isomer in terms of current yield improvement use because it exhibits the highest activity, and because the synergistic effect with the other growth inhibitory substances is strongest.
According to the present invention, the other growth-inhibiting substance is selected from the group of gibberellin synthesis inhibitors, or combinations thereof, wherein the gibberellin synthesis inhibitor is selected from the group of trinexapac-ethyl, paclobutrazol, chloromequat-CI, mepiquat-CI, 2 -isopropyl-4-dimethylamino-5-methylphenyl-1-piperidinecarboxylate methyl chloride (also known as "AMO-1618"), tetcyclacis, ancymidol, flurprimidol, prohexadione-Ca, daminozide, 16,17-dihydrogas, chlorprofam and combinations of two or several of these ..
Gibberellin synthesis Inhibitors are substances that inhibit the production of plant hormones that belong to the gibberellin family. Precursors for plant hormones are, in turn, substances that can be further converted into natural plant hormones in the metabolism of the plant. The inventor has found that these growth-inhibiting substances exhibit a very strong synergistic effect with S-abscisic acid, the combination of which increases the yield of agricultural crops even more.
According to the present invention, the gibberellin synthesis inhibitor is selected from the group of trinexapac-ethyl, poclobutrazol, chloromequat-CI, mepiquat-CI, 2-risopropyl-4-dimethylamino-5-methylphenyl-1-piperidinecarboxylaa methyl chloride (also known as "AMO -1618 "), tetcyclacis, ancymidol, flurprimidol, prohexadione-Ca, daminozide, 16,17-dihydrogas, chlorprofam and combinations of two or more of them. More preferably, trinexapac-ethyl is used.
These substances all have a strong inhibitory effect on gibberellin synthesis, and a strong synergistic effect with abscisic acid, whereby the yield of agricultural crops is increased considerably more.
Preferably, the S-abscisic acid or a salt thereof is dosed in an amount corresponding to at least 0.1 g / hectare; more preferably at least 0.2 g / ha, even more preferably at least 1 g / ha, more preferably at least 1.5 or even 2 g / ha, and in some circumstances even more preferably at least 4 g / hectare. The dosage is preferably at most 40 g / ha, more preferably at most 25 g / ha, even more preferably at most 15 g / ha, preferably at most 10 or even 7 g / ha, and more preferably at most maximum 6 g / hectare. A very advantageous amount is 2 g / hectare.
In such amounts, a very beneficial effect is observed by the inventor in terms of efficacy and increase in yield by the S-abscisic acid.
The other growth inhibitory substance is preferably dosed in one. quantity corresponding to at least 5 g / hectare and at most 1500 g / hectare. More preferably, this growth inhibitory substance is dosed in an amount corresponding to at least 10 g / ha, even more preferably at least 15 g / ha, preferably at least 50 g / ha, more preferably at least 100 g / ha , more preferably at least 150 g / ha, and depending on the choice of the substance, such as, for example with paclobutrazol and / or mepiquat, at least 400 g / ha, more preferably at least 500 g / ha, with even more preferably at least 700 g / ha, preferably at least 900 g / ha, even more preferably at least 1000 g / ha, preferably at least 1200 g / ha. Optionally, this growth-inhibiting substance is dosed in an amount corresponding to at most 1400 g / ha, preferably at most 1300 g / ha, even more preferably at most 1200 g / ha, and depending on the choice of the substance, such as the use of trinexapac-ethyl, chlorinequat and / or prohexadione-calcium, at most 1000 g / ha, preferably at most 900 g / ha, even more preferably at most 700 g / ha, and in certain circumstances at most 500 or even just 400 g / ha.
In these amounts, the other growth inhibitory substance will exhibit a very strong synergistic effect with the S-abscisic acid and consequently the increase in yield will also be better. The range of amounts in which the growth inhibitory substance can be applied is fairly broadly defined. This is because the most appropriate amount usually varies from substance to substance. The person skilled in the art is able to determine the best amounts depending on the growth-inhibiting substance or substances used and the specific circumstances in which they are used.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the growth inhibitory substance is selected from one or more single amino acids.
Preferably, these single amino acids are present in the composition in very low concentrations, and / or are administered in very low doses.
The inventor has found that low doses of amino acids have a vegetative growth-inhibiting and yield-increasing effect on both annual and perennial crops and on both monocotyl and dicotyl crops. In addition, a synergistic effect is obtained together with the S-abscisic acid. The yield increasing effect of the present invention will thereby be further increased. The application of low doses of single amino acids will furthermore stimulate both the size of the fruits and seeds and the general fruit set.
Preferably, the L-amino acids are selected from the group of L-amino acids containing an N atom in the R group, the acid forms of L-amino acids containing an N atom in the R group, and combinations thereof. Herein, the R group is understood to be a side group that occurs in many cases on the usual hydrocarbon compound between the amino group (H 2 N-) at one end and the acid group (-COOH) at the other end of the amino acid.
More preferably, the L-amino acids are selected from the group consisting of glutamine, glutamic acid, asparagine, aspartic acid, histidine, lysine, arginine and combinations thereof.
The inventor has determined that the growth-inhibiting effect and the synergistic effect mentioned above is the strongest with these L-amino acids.
Preferably, the single L-amino acids are dosed in a total amount corresponding to a minimum of 0.5 g / hectare and a maximum of 250 g / ha, preferably a maximum of .50 g / hectare.
Furthermore, it is very important that the total amount of L-amino acids remains within the above range. A composition in which one specific single amino acid is at a dosage of between 0.5 and 250 g per hectare when applying the composition, but furthermore there are other single L-amino acids present such that the total dosage of single L-amino acids is 250 g per hectare far, may therefore not have the intended effect. The growth-inhibiting effect of the L-amino acids as an active substance can therefore disappear in such a case.
Preferably the total amount of single L-amino acids when applying the composition is at least 1 g / hectare and at most 50 g / hectare.
^ In this low dosage range, the best results are generally obtained, and the growth of the crops is optimally regulated in many cases. More specifically, the growth of the fruits and seeds is strongly stimulated, and the yield of the crops is very high.
As already described above, the present invention relates to the use of a single L-amino acid composition primarily for influencing crop growth. The influencing of crops can vary depending on the dosage of the single L-amino acids applied to the crops, and different forms of influencing are possible.
Thus, this invention relates more specifically to the use of the above-mentioned composition for inhibiting the vegetative growth of crops, wherein the total amount of single L-amino acids when applying the composition is at least 1 g / hectare and at most 30 g / hectare.
If the L-amino acids are applied to the crops in such an amount, a clear growth-inhibiting effect is observed. This growth-inhibiting effect only relates to the vegetative growth of the plants, being the growth of the shoot. This is usually the growth of the green part of the plants, and is in no way to be confused with the growth of the fruits or seeds, also known as generative growth, which is by no means inhibited.
Thus, in these dosages, the composition of the present invention can be used as a growth inhibitor. This may, for example, entail the additional advantage that the crops will have to be pruned less quickly, will be less likely to alloy, and the like. Reduced leaf growth, fruits and seeds will also provide improved access to sunlight and aeration, which can also improve quality and yield. For example, fruits that receive an increased dose of sunlight thanks to the reduced leaf growth will show a more intense color and their protein and sugar content will also be increased.
It should further be noted that if the vegetative growth is slowed down, i.e. the longitudinal growth of the plant and essentially the growth of the green parts of the plant, then the generative growth of the plant, being growth of the fruits and from the seeds, is strongly encouraged. This can be explained by the fact that the balance within the plant is likely to shift from vegetative to generative growth. More energy and nutrients are therefore sent to the reproductive organs of the plant, as a result of which more and / or larger fruits and seeds will be formed. Thus, as stated above, the growth inhibitory effect obtained does not in any way relate to the growth of the fruits and seeds, and the increased yield and fruit set discussed above still occurs at these very low dosages.
Preferably, the composition according to the invention, used to inhibit the vegetative growth of crops as described above, is applied to the crops at least 2 times, preferably with an interval of at least 1 day or 2 days and not more than 6 weeks, more preferably of at least 3 or 4 days and at most 5 weeks, still preferably at least 5 or 6 days and at most 4 weeks, and even more preferably an interval of at least 1 week and at most 3 weeks. The aforementioned intervals are very suitable for arable crops, and can shorten up to a maximum of 2 weeks. With trees, and certainly with fruit trees, the interval can usually be a little longer, preferably from 1 to 3 weeks, between the two treatments.
The inventor has determined that if the composition is applied at least twice at this interval, a very good inhibition of vegetative growth is obtained. The composition is preferably applied twice. Optionally, the composition can also be applied more than 2 times, preferably always using the above-mentioned interval.
Of course, the invention is not limited thereby. For several single L-amino acids, good influence is already obtained with a single application.
The inventor has determined that the synergistic effect and the growth-inhibiting effect are strongest at these small doses. It is important that the total dosage of single amino acids does not exceed this limit. If several amino acids are present and each amino acid per se, for example, remains within these margins, but if the total dosage does exceed the margins considerably, then there is a good chance that the effect described above will not be achieved.
In a further preferred embodiment, the composition according to the invention further comprises a pesticide selected from the group of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, nematicides, algicides, molluscicides, rodenticides, virucides, substances that induce resistance in plants, biological control agents such as viruses, bacteria , nematodes, fungi and other microorganisms, repellents for birds and animals, or a combination of two or more of them.
If a composition according to the present invention also contains pesticides, this composition will in addition to a yield-increasing effect also comprise a function as a pesticide. Different types of pests such as insects, bacterial germs and the like can adversely affect the yield of crops and may even lead to the dying off of the crops. Thus, if the composition according to the present invention merely produces a yield-increasing effect in the plants, there is still the possibility that this effect would be canceled out as a result of such a pest layer. It may therefore be useful to add pesticides to the composition. The composition will thereby combine a growth-inhibiting effect with an effect of pest control. Because the active substances that produce these two different effects are present in one and the same composition, only one composition will therefore have to be applied to the crops. This means a considerable time and therefore money saving for the farmer in question. It should be noted here that reduced vegetative growth in itself entails the risk of infection by pests and diseases. In certain cases, this effect can already be achieved at least in part through the use according to the present invention without pesticide.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pesticide is a fungicide selected from the group of triazoles, and combinations thereof.
The inventor has surprisingly found that fungicides selected from the group of triazoles can, in addition to an antifungal effect, also enhance the yield-enhancing effect of the S-abscisic acid together with the other growth regulators. The addition of such fungicides from the group of triazoles thus offers two important additional advantages.
These triazoles are preferably selected from the group of epoxiconazole, triadimenole, propiconazole, metconazole, cyproconazole, tebuconazole, flusilazole, diphenoconazole, penconazole, paclobutrazole, prothioconazole, and combinations of two or more of these.
The triazoles are preferably selected according to the crop to be treated. For example, epoxiconazole, propiconazole, and tebuconazole are more appropriate in cereals, metconazole, tebuconazole in rapeseed, for example, and diphenoconazole is more appropriate in fruit growing.
However, the composition of the present invention is not limited to this at all and any other triazoles that are considered suitable by those skilled in the art can also be used.
Preferably the fungicide is dosed in an amount corresponding to at least 1 g / hectare and at most 1500 g / hectare.
In such amounts, a sufficient fungicidal action is obtained, and the yield-increasing action of the other active ingredients is also stimulated. The range of amounts and dosages in which the fungicide can be applied is fairly broadly defined. This is because the exact optimum amount differs from substance to substance. The person skilled in the art is able to determine a correct amount depending on the fungicide used and the specific conditions in which it is used.
In an embodiment of the invention, the composition still contains one or more active substances that increase the plant's own defense mechanism. In addition to their basic resistance, plants also have the ability to increase their resistance to specific infections in response to induction by microorganisms from outside. A distinction is made between systemically acquired resistance (Systemic Acquired Resistance or SAR) and systemically induced resistance (Induced Systemic Resistance or ISR). With SAR the inducing microorganism is pathogenic or pathogenic, with ISR this is not the case. Preference is given to adding substances which promote these mechanisms, such as jasmic acid, ethyl jasmonate or another precursor for ethylene which influence the ISR reaction, or salicylic acid which influences the SAR mechanism. The inventors have determined that these active substances can also have a growth-inhibiting effect.
In further embodiments of the invention, the composition further contains one or more surfactants.
The surfactants are preferably selected from the group consisting of calcium alkyl sulfonates, ethoxylated castor oil, ethoxylated alcohols or glycols or polyols, polyoxyethylated alkyl phenols, polyoxyethylated fatty acid alcohols and / or fatty acid amines, fatty acid, alcohol, polyglycol ether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates or alkyl sulfonates sulfonates and dispersants, ethoxylated sorbitan esters and siloxanes, or a mixture of two or more of them.
Surfactants are substances that can lower the surface tension of an aqueous mixture. In compositions to be applied to plants, they can perform various functions. They can thus increase the solubility or dispersibility of the active substances in the usually water-based mixture. Furthermore, they will often fulfill a role as a follower. Because it reduces the surface tension of the mixture, hydrophobic surfaces can be moistened more quickly. The addition of a bleed can thus lead to a better distribution of, for example, the spray liquid, and to a better wetting of the sprayed crops. Furthermore, surfactants can act as adjuvants. Hereby they increase the absorption of the active substance by the plant. The functions of the surfactants described above ensure that less active substance must be dosed without this affecting the action of the active substance. On the one hand, this provides an economic advantage and also ensures that the impact on the environment is reduced.
Furthermore, the composition according to the present invention can contain one or more UV filtering substances.
If sunlight falls on the composition, this could entail premature inactivation of the active substances. To prevent this, one or more UV filtering substances are preferably added. Various suitable UV filters are known to those skilled in the art.
In a further embodiment, the composition according to the present invention further comprises an anti-foaming agent.
Preferably, the anti-foaming agent is selected from the group of silica, polydialkylsiloxanes, fluoroalkyl phosphine acids or salts thereof, or a mixture of two or more of them.
In a further embodiment, the composition according to the present invention further comprises a fertilizer.
The composition according to the present invention will affect the growth of the crops, thereby increasing the yield. If a fertilizer is also present in the composition, it is ensured that the plants have sufficient nutrients to enable this growth, so that the yield can be increased even further.
In addition to the additives described above, other additives may also be added such as inert materials, carriers, solvents, and the like. The person skilled in the art is able to determine which additives are to be further administered to the composition, depending on the composition and the specific situation in which it is used.
Preferably, the composition of the present invention is applied in a formulation selected from the group of powders, water-soluble powders, water-dispersible powders, granulates, suspension concentrates, emulsifiable concentrates, concentrated emulsions, suspension emulsions, coated granules, microcapsules, tablets, water-soluble concentrates or combinations of two or more of these.
Preferably, the composition of the present invention is or is diluted with water.
A composition that can be diluted with water can be sold commercially in a concentrated form with a small volume. This form can then be dissolved or mixed with water to a larger volume that can eventually be applied to the plants. An aqueous dilution can be applied to the plants very easily, and also guarantees an even distribution of the active substances on the crops, whereby an even distribution of the active substances among the crops is also guaranteed during application. The latter is an important advantage in the context of the present invention, since the action of the active substances is dose dependent.
Preferably, the composition of the present invention is applied to the crops by spraying or spraying.
By spraying or spraying, a uniform and even distribution of the composition on the crops can be achieved.
Preferably, the crops of the present invention are selected from the group of mono- and multiannual mono- or dicotyle crops.
The composition according to the present invention can be used both on crops that are monocotyl and on dicotyle crops, and shows a good effect on both groups of plants.
The crops are preferably selected from fruit trees, cereals, rapeseed, beets, potatoes, and any combinations thereof. "_
These agricultural crops exhibit a greatly increased yield after application of the composition according to the present invention.
In the above description of the invention, the amounts of the substances are stated in g / hectare. This indicates the amount by which the substances are applied to the crops. The substances are preferably applied in an aqueous solution, with, for example, for easy conversion, about 1000 liters of this solution being applied to a parcel of. 1 hectare. This means, for example, that a composition in which the abscisic acid is applied in an amount of 2 g per hectare will be in an aqueous solution at a concentration of 2 ppm by weight. In practice, a different amount of water per hectare can be used, and the conversion to the desired concentration must be adjusted accordingly. For example, with a use of only 200 liters per hectare, which also means approximately 200 kg of water, a treatment intended for 2 g per hectare will have to handle a concentration of 2 g per 200 kg or approximately 10 ppm weight.
The invention will now be further illustrated with reference to the following examples.
Example 1: Increase of apple yield.
This experiment was performed on mature apple trees of the Jonagold variety (mutant Jonagored). The spraying was carried out with a back sprayer, each time applying 300 liters of water per hectare.
S-abscisin acid (ABA) was used separately as well as in combination with glutamine. The applications were started around the end of flowering and were repeated every 10 to 14 days. ABA was first applied in two consecutive treatments, each with a concentration of 3.3 ppm weight, and therefore a dose of 1.0 g / ha. The composition with glutamine was used until the end of the growing season, and with a concentration of 50 ppm weight, and thus a dosage of 15 g / ha. ABA was only used twice in this test, on April 24 and May 7. The applications of glutamine were started around the end of flowering and were repeated every 7 to 14 days, depending on the weather conditions. A total of 7 treatments were done, more precisely on April 24, May 7, May 14, May 20, 9 June, 16 June and 24 June. The number of fruits per cluster was counted at the end of the season. Immediately after the end of the spraying, on 25 June, the average fruit diameter was also determined. The results are given in Table 1.
Table 1
This experiment shows that ABA itself raises fruit set, but that this effect is much stronger in combination with glutamine. So alone can already have a positive effect on fruit set. However, this effect is still relatively small and possibly somewhat volatile. The combination with the amino acid glutamine gives a clearly much larger fruit set, which indicates a synergistic effect. One could suffice with two treatments at the start of the growing season, but multiple applications spread over the entire growing season give a more certain result. The fruit size is clearly not affected by the treatments.
Example 2: Increasing the yield for wheat.
This experiment was performed on winter wheat. ABA was applied to winter wheat at two different doses, 2 and 4 grams / hectare respectively. The 2 gram dose was also combined with 5 g / ha of histidine.
The length of the ear (expressed in mm), the number of full links, the average number of grains counted per 50 ears and as a quality parameter also the grain weight of 1000 ears (called "1000 grain weight" in the table) were determined. The results are given in Table 2.
Table 2
The results show that ABA leads to longer ears, which nevertheless remain nicely filled, given the number of full links increases, as well as the number of cereal grains per 50 ears. The thickness of the cereal grains does not decrease, but rather increases. The tests with ABA alone also indicate that there is a dose effect at these low doses, and the effect is therefore more pronounced with the double dose.
The results also show that the use according to the invention, i.e. the test with ABA in combination with histidine, achieves a result that is very similar to the double dose of ABA alone. This gives an important economic advantage, since ABA is much less available, and therefore a much more expensive component to apply than other growth regulators such as histidine, even at a somewhat higher dose.
Example 3: Increase of the yield for winter wheat.
This experiment was also performed on winter wheat. ABA was applied twice to the winter wheat at a dose of 2 grams per hectare. Trinexapac-ethyl was applied once at 200 grams / hectare. Glutamic acid was applied twice, each time at 50 grams / hectare.
The length of the ear (expressed in mm) of 50 ears was determined. The results are given in Table 3.
Table 3
These results show that the use of ABA or of the growth-inhibiting substances separately gives no or only a slight increase in the ear length and therefore yield. The combination of ABA with Trinexapac-ethyl or glutamic acid results in a spike length increase of more than 8%.
Now that the invention has been fully described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention can be implemented within a wide range of parameters within what is described in the following claims, without therefore departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. . It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention in general, as defined in the claims, also encompasses other embodiments which are not specifically shown in this document.

权利要求:
Claims (21)
[1]
Use of a composition containing S-abscisic acid or a salt thereof and another growth-inhibiting active substance during a period of vegetative growth to increase the yield of agricultural and horticultural crops, wherein the S-abscisic acid or the salt thereof is dosed in a quantity that corresponds to ten. maximum 40 g / hectare, the other growth-inhibiting active substance being selected from the group of gibberellin synthesis Inhibitors, single L-amino acids, or combinations thereof, wherein the gibberellin synthesis inhibitor is selected from the group of trinexapac-ethyl, paclobutrazol , chloromequat-CI, mepiquat-CI, 2-isopropyl-4-dimethylamino-5-methylphenyl-1-piperidinecarboxylate methyl chloride (also known as "AMO-1618"), tetcyclacis, ancymidol, flurprimidol, prohexadione-Ca, daminozide , 16,17-dihydrogas, chlorprofam and combinations of two or more of them.
[2]
Use according to claim 1 wherein the S-abscisic acid or a salt thereof is dosed in an amount corresponding to at least 0.1 g / ha; more preferably at least 2 g / hectare and at most 40 g / ha, preferably at most 6 g / hectare.
[3]
Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the gibberellin synthesis inhibitor is dosed in an amount corresponding to at least 5 g / hectare and a maximum of 1500 g / hectare.
[4]
Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the other growth-inhibiting active substance is one or more single L-amino acids and wherein the single L-amino acids are selected from the group of L-amino acids containing an N atom in the R group, the acid forms of L-amino acids containing an N atom in the R group and combinations thereof.
[5]
Use according to claim 4, wherein the L-amino acids are selected from the group consisting of glutamine, glutamic acid, asparagine, aspartic acid, histidine, lysine, arganine and combinations thereof.
[6]
Use according to any of claims 4-5, wherein the single L-amino acids are dosed in a total amount corresponding to a minimum of 0.5: g / hectare and a maximum of 250, preferably a maximum of 50 g / hectare.
[7]
Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises a pesticide selected from the group of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, nematicides, algicides, molluscicides, rodenticides, virucides, substances that induce resistance in plants, biological control agents such as viruses, bacteria, nematodes, fungi and other micro-organisms, repellents for birds and animals, or a combination of two or more of them.
[8]
The use of claim 7 wherein the pesticide is a fungicide selected from the group of the triazoles, and combinations thereof.
[9]
The use of claim 8 wherein the pesticide is a fungicide selected from the group of epoxicopazole, triadimenole, propiconazole, metconazole, cyproconazole, tebuconazole, flusilazole, diphenoconazole, penconazole, paclobutrazole, prothioconazole, and combinations of two or more of these.
[10]
Use according to any of claims 7 to 9, wherein the composition comprises a fungicide and wherein the fungicide is dosed in an amount corresponding to at least 1 g / hectare and a maximum of 1500 g / hectare.
[11]
The use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises one or more surfactants.
[12]
The use of claim 11 wherein the surfactant is selected from the group of the calcium alkyl sulfonates, ethoxylated castor oil, ethoxylated alcohols or glycols or polyols, polyoxyethylated alkyl phenols, polyoxyethylated fatty acid alcohols and fatty acid amines, fatty acid, alcohol, polyglycol ether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates or alkylaryl sulfonates and dispersants, ethoxylated sorbitan esters and siloxanes, or a mixture of two or more of them.
[13]
Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further contains one or more UV-filtering substances.
[14]
Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises an anti-foaming agent.
[15]
Use according to claim 14, wherein the anti-foaming agent is selected from the group consisting of silica, polydialkylsiloxanes, fluoroalkylphosphine acids or salts thereof, or a mixture of two or more of them.
[16]
Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further contains a fertilizer.
[17]
Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is applied in a formulation selected from the group of powders, water-soluble powders, water-dispersible powders, granulates, suspension concentrates, emulsifiable concentrates, concentrated emulsions, suspension emulsions, coated granules, microcapsules, tablets, water-soluble concentrates or combinations of two or more of them.
[18]
The use according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the composition is diluted with water.
[19]
Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is applied to the crops by spraying or spraying.
[20]
Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the crops are selected from the group of one-year and multi-year monocots or dicots.
[21]
Use according to claim 20, wherein the crops are selected from fruit trees, cereals, rapeseed, beets, potatoes, and any combinations thereof.

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

US20130303373A1|2013-11-14|

EP2618663B1|2014-12-17|

ES2532927T3|2015-04-06|

PL2618663T3|2015-08-31|

DK2618663T3|2015-03-23|

WO2012038935A2|2012-03-29|

BR112013006660A2|2016-06-07|

EP2618663A2|2013-07-31|

WO2012038935A3|2012-06-21|

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法律状态:

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

BE201000568|2010-09-23|

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